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AIM To determine the workability of fresh concrete by compacting factor test as per IS: 1199 - 1959.  APPARATUS COMPACTING FACTOR APPARATUS  Compacting factor apparatus  PROCEDURE The sample of concrete is placed in the upper hopper upto the brim. The trap-door is opened so that the concrete falls into the lower hopper. The trap-door of the lower hopper is opened and the concrete is allowed to fall into the cylinder he excess concrete remaining above the top level of the cylinder is then cut off with the help of plane blades. The concrete in the cylinder is weighed. This is known as weight of partially compacted concrete. The cylinder is filled with a fresh sample of concrete and vibrated to obtain full compaction. The concrete in the cylinder is weighed again. This weight is known as the weight of fully compacted concrete. REPORTING OF RESULTS Compacting factor = (Weight of partially compacted concrete/ Weight of fully compacted concrete) It should normally b

AIM To determine the workability of fresh concrete by slump test as per IS: 1199 - 1959 APPARATUS SLUMP CONE

AIM To determine the aggregate crushing value of coarse aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part IV) - 1963.  APPARATUS CYLINDRICAL MEASURE AND PLUNGER

AIM To determine the aggregate impact value of coarse aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part IV) - 1963. APPARATUS AGGREGATE IMPACT TEST MACHINE Impact testing machine conforming to IS: 2386 (Part IV) - 1963 IS Sieves of sizes - 12.5mm, 10mm and 2.36mm A cylindrical metal measure of 75mm dia. and 50mm depth A tamping rod of 10mm circular cross section and 230mm length, rounded at one end Oven  PREPARATION OF SAMPLE   The test sample should conform to the following grading: - Passing through 12.5mm IS Sieve 100% - Retention on 10mm IS Sieve 100% The sample should be oven-dried for 4hrs. at a temperature  of 100 to 110oC and cooled. The measure should be about one-third full with the prepared  aggregates and tamped with 25 strokes of the tamping rod.  A further similar quantity of aggregates should be added and  a further tamping of 25 strokes given. The measure should  finally be filled to overflow, tamped 25 times and the surplus aggregates struck off, using a tamping

AIM To determine the abrasion value of coarse aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part IV) - 1963.  APPARATUS LOS ANGLES MACHINE Los Angles abrasion testing machine IS Sieve of size - 1.7mm Abrasive charge - 12 nos. cast iron or steel spheres  approximately 48mm dia. and each weighing between 390 and 445g ensuring that the total weight of charge is 5000 + 25g Oven PREPARATION OF SAMPLE The test sample should consist of clean aggregates which has been dried in an oven at 105 to 110o C to a substantially constant weight and should conform to one of the gradings shown in the table below:  PROCEDURE   The test sample and the abrasive charge should be placed in the Los Angles abrasion testing machine and the machine rotated at  a speed of 20 to 33 revolutions/minute for 1000 revolutions. At the completion of the test, the material should be discharged and sieved through 1.70mm IS Sieve.  REPORTING OF RESULTS The mater

AIM To determine the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates by sieving as per IS: 2386 (Part I) - 1963. PRINCIPLE By passing the sample downward through a series of standard sieves, each of decreasing size openings, the aggregates are separated into several groups, each of which contains aggregates in a particular size range. APPARATUS A SET OF IS SIEVES  A set of IS Sieves of sizes - 80mm, 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm, 6.3mm, 4.75mm, 3.35mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600μm, 300μm, 150μm and 75μm. Balance or scale with an accuracy to measure 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample. SAMPLE The weight of sample available should not be less than the weight given below:- The sample for sieving should be prepared from the larger sample either by quartering or by means of a sample divider. PROCEDURE  The test sample is dried to a constant weight at a temperature of 110 + 5oC and

Direct Jump Plz Click to below Link... THE ORIGIN OF DIWALI RANGOLI PHOTOS DIWALI PHOTOS _______________________________________________________________ The Origin of Diwali Historically, the origin of Diwali can be traced back to ancient India, when it was probably an important harvest festival. However, there are various legends pointing to the origin of Diwali or 'Deepawali.' Some believe it to be the celebration of the marriage of Lakshmi with Lord Vishnu. Whereas in Bengal the festival is dedicated to the worship of Mother Kali, the dark goddess of strength. Lord Ganesha, the elephant-headed God, the symbol of auspiciousness and wisdom, is also worshiped in most Hindu homes on this day. In Jainism, Deepawali has an added significance to the great event of Lord Mahavira attaining the eternal bliss ofnirvana. Diwali also commemorates the return of Lord Rama along with Sita and Lakshman from his fourteen year long exile and vanquishing the demon-k

AIM To determine the soundness of cement by Le-Chatelier method as per IS: 4031 (Part 3) - 1988. APPARATUS LE-CHATELIER'S TEST APPARATUS

AIM To determine the initial and the final setting time of cement as per IS: 4031 (Part 5) - 1988. APPARATUS Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 - 1976  Balance, whose permissible variation at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 - 1982  PROCEDURE  Prepare a cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency (see Para 1.2). Start a stop-watch, the moment water is added to the cement. Fill the Vicat mould completely with the cement paste gauged as above, the mould resting on a non-porous plate and smooth off the surface of the paste making it level with the top of the mould. The cement block thus prepared in the mould is the test block. A) INITIAL SETTING TIME Place the test block under the rod bearing the needle. Lower the needle gently in order to make contact with the surface of the cement paste and release quickly, allowing it to penetrate th

AIM To determine the quantity of water required to produce a cement paste of standard consistency as per IS: 4031 (Part 4) - 1988. PRINCIPLE The standard consistency of a cement paste is defined as that consistency which will permit the Vicat plunger to penetrate to a point 5 to 7mm from the bottom of the Vicat mould. APPARATUS VICAT APPARATUS Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 - 1976 Balance, whose permissible variation at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g  Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 - 1982  PROCEDURE Weigh approximately 400g of cement and mix it with a weighed quantity of water. The time of gauging should be between 3 to 5 minutes. Fill the Vicat mould with paste and level it with a trowel. Lower the plunger gently till it touches the cement surface. Release the plunger allowing it to sink into the paste. Note the reading on the gauge.  Repeat the above procedure taking fresh samples of cement and different quantities of water until

AIM To determine the fineness of cement by dry sieving as per IS: 4031 (Part 1) - 1996. PRINCIPLE The fineness of cement is measured by sieving it through a standard sieve. The proportion of cement, the grain sizes of which, is larger than the specified mesh size is thus determined. APPARATUS IS SIEVE  Balance capable of weighing 10g to the nearest 10mg 90μm IS Sieve  A nylon or pure bristle brush, preferably with 25 to 40mm bristle, for cleaning the sieve PROCEDURE  Weigh approximately 10g of cement to the nearest 0.01g and place it on the sieve. Agitate the sieve by swirling, planetary and linear movements, until no more fine material passes through it. Weigh the residue and express its mass as a percentage R1, of the quantity first placed on the sieve to the nearest 0.1 percent. Gently brush all the fine material off the base of the sieve. Repeat the whole procedure using a fresh 10g sample to obtain R2. Then calculate R as the mean of

An out-of-India holiday is one of the top few things on any average Indian’s dream list. We all want to travel abroad, at least once in our life. However, that dream remains unfulfilled for many owing to the sheer costs it demands. But if it is the extra-ordinary splendours and rare sights more than the ‘foreign’ tag that you crave for, then you can enjoy much of the world’s beauties, here in India itself! No, we are not kidding! Here, are some Indian alternatives for some of the world’s most beautiful travel destinations that you can visit without having to pay for the exorbitant flight tickets, visa fees and foreign exchange rates. So, swap some of those expensive destinations for cheaper yet equally beautiful options in India. 1. The Grand Canyon in USA Grand Canyon, USA Indian Alternative:  Pennar Gorge in Andhra Pradesh Pennar Gorge, Ganidkota, Andhra Pradesh Lying far beyond the gates of the Gandikota Fort, situated in Gandikota, a small village in the Erramal

How would you define a good friend? If you are like me, you would expect a good friend to be great company, loyal, reliable, sincere, and trustworthy. This is someone you can phone at any time  for advice  or to chat. These friendships take time to build and effort to maintain, and they are reciprocal. So, what are some things you should never tell your good friends? Here are twenty sentences you should definitely avoid. 1. “Flossing my teeth” (AKA the Facebook status update) The problem with taking your friendship  online  is that the whole world sees it! Use social media for trivial chitchat, but have a real conversation with your best friend. If he is far away, write him a decent email.  “Posting information is like pornography, a slick, impersonal exhibition.” – William Deresiewiczp 2. “Let’s phone each other sometime” This is a vague and rather wishy-washy commitment. We use it all the time for acquaintances we have just met. It works fine for people we don’t intend