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(કામ કરતી વખતે જો કોઈપણ કેમિકલનો ઉપયોગ કરવાનો થાય તો તે કેમિકલનો ઉપયોગ કેવી રીતે કરવો તેની માટે કંપનીના ટેકનીકલ વ્યકિતને બોલાવી તેની પાસે જરૂરી ટેકનીકલ ટ્રેનીંગ લેવી અને તેની ગાઈડ લાઈન મુજબ કેમિકલ વાપરવું. કેમિકલની ટેકનીકલ ડેટા શીટ હંમેશા તમારી પાસે હાજર રાખવી અને દરેક કેમિકલનો ઉપયોગ માપીયા થી જ કરવો નહી કે અંદાજે ઉપયોગ કરવો. કામ પુર્ણ થયા બાદ કેમિકલનું એક્ચુયલ કવરેજ કાઢી લેવું અને તેને ટેકનીકલ ડેટા શીટ સાથે ટેલી કરી લેવું.) પહેલાનું કામ બીમનો બેઝ ચેક કરવો. (બેઝ બરાબર કોમ્પેક્ટ કરી ૧૧/ર'' પી.સી.સી. અથવા ગ્રેવાલ નાખી તૈયાર કરવો.) પી.સી.સી. નો બેઝ બીમની સાઈઝ કરતા ૩'' વધારે રાખવો જેથી બીમની સાઈડ બરાબર બેસી શકે અને શટરીંગ સપોર્ટ માટે ઠેસી મારી શકાય. બીમ માટે લોખંડ અને કોકીટની કવોન્ટીટી કાઢવી. (જો ડ્રોઈગમાં બીમની લંબાઈ ન હોય તો તે સાઈટ પર માપી લેવી.) બીમ બોટમનું લેવલ ચેક કરવું. જરૂરી સ્લોપ ચેક કરવો. બીમની સાઈડ ચેક કરવી. (લાઈન અને ઓળંબો) ગ્રાઉન્ડ બીમનું શટરીંગ કરતાં પહેલા ફુટીંગ માંથી નીકળતા ડોવેલની આજુબાજુ કોક્રીટ બરાબર રફ કરવું અને સફાઈ કર્યા બાદ જ શટરીંગ કરવું. બીમ ના જંકશ...

During monsoon season we need to keep below points in mind while concreting Slump should be no more than 120. If pipeline is long , at pump slump can be 150 max If it’s raining , avoid casting as at batching plant it becomes very difficult to get idea of moisture in raw material and change water correction in recipe . Cube casting should be under shade area where water does not fall continuously If there are multiple grades in slab , please make sure marking on cubes don’t get interchanged . For this please designate separate area for different grade of cube casting . On site when cubes are kept , please see if someone do not put foot on cubes and cubes are secured in a safe place where there is no damage to cubes as these are samples who represent quality of concrete . During monsoon , we observe that due to continuous moisture in air , cubes are moist and even in 7 days contains moisture if proper heat or temperature is not met . In these cases , we recommend to do 7 days , 14 days ...

(a) Ordinary Portland Cement           (i ) Ordinary Portland Cement 33 Grade– IS 269: 1989           (ii ) Ordinary Portland Cement 43 Grade– IS 8112: 1989           (iii ) Ordinary Portland Cement 53 Grade– IS 12269: 1987 (b) Rapid Hardening Cement – IS 8041: 1990 (c) Extra Rapid Hardening Cement – – (d) Sulphate Resisting Cement – IS 12330: 1988 (e) Portland Slag Cement – IS 455: 1989 (f ) Quick Setting Cement – – (g) Super Sulphated Cement – IS 6909: 1990 (h) Low Heat Cement – IS 12600: 1989 (j ) Portland Pozzolana Cement – IS 1489 (Part I) 1991 (fly ash based)           – IS 1489 (Part II) 1991 (calcined clay based) (k) Air Entraining Cement – – (l ) Coloured Cement: White Cement – IS 8042: 1989 (m) Hydrophobic Cement – IS 8043: 1991 (n) Masonry Cement – IS 3466: 1988 (o) Expansive Cement – – (p) Oil Well Cement – IS 8229: 1986 (q) Rediset Cement – – (r ) Concret...

Joints source are connecting two different elements into one element. But you may aware that the weakness zone of a structure is “ Joint ” so if possible avoid it. Although in construction, the joints are using to produce stability for concrete, masonry, plastering. Most of the construction element has formed by different material and due to the weather condition that may shrink or expand. The concrete shall very much impact by the weather condition. Different types of joints are used to prevent the concrete cracks happening by the weather condition. So now we are going to discuss the different types of joints in construction works. Types of Joints in Construction Construction Joints Expansion Joints Contraction Joints Construction Joints At first, we cannot pour a larger quantity of concrete in a single time. So at that time, a certain portion has poured as per the recommended shuttering design and the remaining portion will be poured after a certain period. In that, the const...

In the site, we construct the different shape of concrete structure like slab, beam and column etc., Mostly the worker eager to complete the concrete pouring and like to get away from the site in early. So the worker does the concrete pouring very fast and regards that we might face some quality related issue. In this post, we are going to discuss one of the quality issues named honeycomb in concrete including how to avoid the formation of honeycomb in concrete and how to rectify. Hold on, did you hear the word Bulge? before discussing the concrete honeycomb, shall we take a little conversation about bulging meaning in concrete. Bulging meaning Bulging is one of the usual problems we may facing while concreting. The concrete was poured on the shuttering area at a gradual force and the force may oscillate the shuttering board. So the concrete shall bleed out from its original alignment, it is called bulge. How to avoid bulging? Use steel shuttering and provide proper supports. ...

The foundation is the most important part of any structure because if we make a small mistake in foundation design it will reflect huge impact. so that we design type of foundation. Function of Foundation The foundation has received the all loads like dead load, live load, seismic load, etc., which is distributed to column & it transfer to the ground. The entire pressure of the structure should not greater than the safe bearing capacity of soil (SBC) this type of function is use in foundation. We have to consider the following factor while designing the foundation Bearing capacity of the soil Different types of load Depth of foundation Available Area The foundation has classified two major types Shallow Foundation & Deep Foundation. Shallow Foundation The types of shallow foundation classified as below 1. Isolated footing.. 2. Combined footing.. 3. Strip footing.. When a depth of foundation is less than or equal to the breadth of the foundation is called Shallow found...

FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST OF CONCRETE OBJECTIVE To determine the Flexural Strength of Concrete, which comes into play when a road slab with inadequate sub-grade support is subjected to wheel loads and / or there are volume changes due to temperature / shrinking.   REFERENCE STANDARDS IS: 516-1959 – Methods of tests for strength of concrete  

1.  STORING OF BRICKS ON SITE STACKING AND STORING OF BRICKS AT SITE Stack the bricks close to the site of work so that less effort is required to unload and transport the bricks again by loading on pallets or in barrows. Different types of bricks (such as clay bricks, clay fly ash bricks etc.) shall be stacked separately. Bricks of different strengths and sizes (i.e. modular and non-modular) should be stacked separately. Bricks of different types such as solid bricks, hollow bricks, and perforated bricks should be stacked separately. While stacking the bricks, following guidelines must be followed for easy quality inspection and counting. Stack the bricks on dry firm ground. Stack should be 50 bricks long, 10 bricks high and not more than 4 bricks in width. Clear distance between adjacent stacks should not be less than 0.8m. Put bricks of each truck load in one stack.

The river sand is one inevitable material used in construction. It is used almost all stages of construction. Take it right from the foundation you will need them almost at every stage, Be it plastering, concrete & also as a filling material. But due to the high demand for river sand, the supply chain became weak. Also using more river sand affects the environment. Considering the fact experts suggested Industry manufactured sand as a choice! Alternative material choice for eco-friendly environment is also topping Civil Engineer Final Year Projects topic list By the way, when we think about M sand, the first question will come to our mind!. Is that M Sand is an alternative choice for River Sand? Obviously Yes!… Let us know some aspects of M sand before getting into the Difference between M sand & River Sand. What is M sand? The meaning of M sand stands for Manufactured Sand. It is manufactured as per IS code 383:2016. (complete list of IS Code) The process of M sand manufactu...

True slump: In a true slump concrete just subsides shortly and more or less maintain the mould shape. This type of slump is most desirable. Shear slump: If one-half of the cone slides down in an inclined plane, it is called a shear slump. Shear slump indicates lack of cohesion in the concrete mix. Shear slump may occur in the case of a harsh mix. Collapse slump: In this case, fresh concrete collapses completely. Zero Slump: If concrete maintains the actual shape of the mould, it is called zero slump which represents stiff, consistent and almost no workability.

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CONCRETE GRADE: M5 = 1:4:8 M10= 1:3:6 M15= 1:2:4 M20= 1:1.5:3 M25= 1:1:2 CLEAR COVER TO MAIN REINFORCEMENT: 1.FOOTINGS : 50 mm 2.RAFT FOUNDATION.TOP : 50 mm 3.RAFT FOUNDATION.BOTTOM/SIDES : 75 mm 4.STRAP BEAM : 50 mm 5.GRADE SLAB : 20 mm 6.COLUMN : 40 mm 7.SHEAR WALL : 25 mm 8.BEAMS : 25 mm 9.SLABS : 15 mm 10.FLAT SLAB : 20 mm 11.STAIRCASE : 15 mm 12.RET. WALL : 20/ 25 mm on earth 13.WATER RETAINING STRUCTURES : 20/30 mm

Unit Conversion 1 Sq. Vaar = 9.0000 Sq. Feet 1 Sq. Vaar = 0.8361 Sq. Meter 1 Sq. Vaar = 9.0000 Sq. Feet 1 Sq. Vaar = 0.8361 Sq. Meter 1 Sq. Feet = 0.0929 Sq. Meter 1 Acers = 40.0000 Guntha 1 Acers = 4046.8500 Sq. Meter 1 Acers = 0.4046 Hector 1 Hector = 2.4711 Acers 1 Hector = 10000.0000 Sq. Meter 1 Hector = 1.1960 Sq. Vaar 1 Guntha = 101.1713 Sq. Meter 1 Guntha = 121.0000 Sq. Vaar 1 Guntha = 1010.0000 Sq. Feet 1 Vigha = 2378.0000 Sq. Meter 1 Vigha = 2843.5000 Sq. Vaar 1 Vigha = 25591.5000 Sq. Feet 1 Km = 1000.0000 Meter 1 Km = 0.6214 Mile 1 Km = 333.3000 Feet 1 Mile = 1.6090 Km 1 Sq.Km = 1000000.00 Sq. Hector 1 Km = 100.00 Hector 1 Sq.Vasaa = 1280.00 Sq. Feet 1 Vasaa = 0.0500 Vigha 1 Vasaa = 142.2200 Sq. Vaar 1 Vasaa = 119.0000 Sq. Meter